COLUMBUS, Ohio — The Ohio Legislature has passed the Uniform Public Expression Protection Act, a sweeping piece of legislation designed to strengthen free speech protections, clarify the jurisdiction of small claims courts, and prohibit landlords from naming minors as defendants in eviction cases. The bill, enrolled on Dec. 11, 2024, received overwhelming bipartisan support, passing the House 84-0 and the Senate 32-0.
Free speech protections
The legislation, sponsored by Sen. Theresa Gavarone, R-Bowling Green, and Sen. Nathan Manning, R-North Ridgeville, introduces new protections against lawsuits targeting individuals for constitutionally protected speech. It creates a mechanism for expedited relief in civil actions related to public expression, such as speech, press, and assembly rights.
Courts will now have the authority to dismiss with prejudice claims that are deemed to infringe on these rights. The process involves a motion for expedited relief, which must be filed within 60 days of receiving the complaint. While the motion is pending, legal proceedings, including discovery, will be paused to prevent undue burdens on defendants.
Proponents say the act is a critical tool for combating frivolous lawsuits intended to silence free speech, often referred to as Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPPs).
Housing protections
The act also introduces reforms aimed at protecting minors in housing disputes. Landlords will no longer be permitted to list children as defendants in forcible entry and detainer actions, which advocates say will shield families from unnecessary legal consequences and reduce the stigmatization of children in eviction proceedings.
Clarifications in Small Claims Courts
Additionally, the legislation updates the Revised Code to clarify the jurisdiction of small claims courts. These changes aim to improve the efficiency and accessibility of Ohio’s judicial system by ensuring clearer rules about the types of cases that can be heard in these venues.
Broad support and next steps
The act garnered bipartisan support, with sponsors from both parties, including Sens. Nickie Antonio, D-Lakewood, and Paula Hicks-Hudson, D-Toledo. Following its passage, the bill now heads to Gov. Mike DeWine’s desk for final approval.
If signed into law, the act will take effect statewide, ensuring that Ohio aligns with other states that have adopted similar laws to protect public expression and address housing issues.